Among conspiracy theorists, author Mark Lane has been described as firing "the first literary shot" with his article, "Defense Brief for Oswald", in the National Guardian 's Decemissue. Ruby's murder of Oswald compounded initial suspicions. Immediately after President Kennedy was shot, many people suspected that the assassination was part of a larger plot, and broadcasters speculated that Dallas right-wingers were involved. On Sunday, November 24, nightclub owner Jack Ruby killed Oswald. Lee Harvey Oswald was arrested for the murder of Dallas policeman J. Kennedy was assassinated by gunfire while traveling in a motorcade in an open-top limousine in Dallas, Texas on Friday, November 22, 1963.
Handbill circulated on November 21, 1963, one day before the assassination. 6.4.1 Allegations about witness testimony and physical evidence.6.4 Unnamed accomplice(s) in the murder of J.4 Allegations of evidence suppression, tampering, and fabrication.3 Allegations of witness tampering, intimidation, and foul play.2 Circumstantial evidence of a cover-up.The HSCA concluded a second gunman also fired at Kennedy, based on acoustic evidence that was later discredited. In 1979, the United States House Select Committee on Assassinations (HSCA) concluded that Kennedy was probably assassinated in a conspiracy and that Oswald did not act alone.
In 1964, the Warren Commission concluded that Oswald acted alone in assassinating Kennedy. Former Los Angeles District Attorney Vincent Bugliosi estimated that a total of 42 groups, 82 assassins, and 214 people had been accused at one time or another in various conspiracy scenarios. The original FBI investigation and Warren Commission report, as well as an alleged "benign CIA cover-up", have led to the claim that the federal government deliberately covered up crucial information in the aftermath of the assassination. Johnson, Cuban Prime Minister Fidel Castro, the KGB, or some combination of these entities. These theories allege the involvement of the CIA, the Mafia, Vice President Lyndon B. Kennedy on November 22, 1963, and the murder of Lee Harvey Oswald by nightclub owner Jack Ruby spawned numerous conspiracy theories. Connally, and Texas Governor John Connally minutes before the assassination